Retrofitting

The boiler stack temperature is considered to be excessive if it’s more than 400°F above room temperature. Some remedial measures that can be done are: 1. Be sure the proper amount of combustion air is […]

Multiple chiller installations should operate the chillers to be as fully loaded as possible because chillers are most efficient at full-load conditions. This can be arranged if the chilled-water distribution system is a primary-secondary loop […]

A large facility may have a complex fluid loop, with several sub-branches off the main supply and return lines. Each loop should be provided with valves on the supply and return lines. These serve two […]

A cooling tower is a complex system designed to cool the circulating water by evaporation. The water is atomized, then circulated through the tower, where it’s further cooled by a forced airflow caused by the […]

A new technology to replace the air-cooled condenser technology is the Water-Source Heat Pump (WSHP). Instead of rejecting heat to the atmosphere via an air-cooled condensing unit, the WSHP rejects heat to water in a […]